Papers Citing Panomics

Characterization of the Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus K1 Signalosome
“...Cytokine production was performed by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using human cytokine antibody arrays (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ...” “...array was carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations using a cytokine array membrane (Panomics, Redwood City, CA), which contains 42 cytokines and chemokines and six controls. ...”
J. Virol., Bok-Soo Lee et al., Oct 2005; 79: 12173–12184.

IL-6 induces regionally selective spinal cord injury in patients with the neuroinflammatory disorder transverse myelitis
“...MA6020; Panomics Inc.) and used according to package inserts...”
J. Clin. Invest., Adam I. Kaplin et al., Oct 2005; 115: 2731–2741.

In Vivo Infusion of Interleukin-1ß and Chorionic Gonadotropin Induces Endometrial Changes that Mimic Early Pregnancy Events in the Baboon
“...flushings (5µg of protein) were analyzed with Human Cytokine antibody array 3.0 membranes (Cat#MA6160, Panomics, Inc., Redwood City, CA).” “... simultaneously for 36 cytokines and related molecules with Human Cytokine Antibody Array 3 membrane (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) as described in Materials and Methods...”
Endocrinology, Zuzana Strakova et al., Sep 2005; 146: 4097–4104.

Transglutaminase Type II Is a Key Element in the Regulation of the Anti-Inflammatory Response Elicited by Apoptotic Cell Engulfment
“...in the culture medium or in mouse sera using a Mouse Cytokine Array I Kit (Panomics) consisting of 22 different cytokine and chemokine Abs spotted in duplicate onto a membrane. ...” “...After a thorough wash, the membranes were exposed to the mixed detection buffers (Panomics), according to the instructions of the manufacturer, for 5 min in the dark before imaging. ...”
J. Immunol., Laura Falasca et al., Jun 2005; 174: 7330–7340.

NF-{kappa}B Mediates the Stimulation of Cytokine and Chemokine Expression by Human Articular Chondrocytes in Response to Fibronectin Fragments
“...for human cytokine Ab protein array with the Raybio Human Cytokine Ab Array 1.0 (Panomics). ...”
J. Immunol., Judit I. Pulai et al., May 2005; 174: 5781–5788.

Phosphorylation of GATA2 by Akt Increases Adipose Tissue Differentiation and Reduces Adipose Tissue—Related Inflammation: A Novel Pathway Linking Obesity to Atherosclerosis
“...3T3-F442A preadipocytes were incubated with the mouse cytokine antibody array membranes according to the protocol (Panomics, Inc). ...”
Circulation, Rossella Menghini et al., Apr 2005; 111: 1946–1953.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provide an Alternate Pathway of Osteoclast Activation and Bone Destruction by Cancer Cells
“...marrow mesenchymal stem cells was done using the RayBio Cytokine Antibody Array kit of Panomics, Inc. ...”
Cancer Res., Yasuyoshi Sohara et al. Feb 2005; 65: 1129–1135.

The Splenic Microenvironment is a Source of Pro-Angiogensis / Inflammatory Mediators Accelerating the Expansion of Murine Erythroleukemic Cells
“...and then assayed for cytokines using Raybio Mouse Cytokine Antibody Array Kit (Panomics, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions...”
Blood, Y. Shaked et al., Feb 2005; 10.1182/blood-2004-08-3210.

Enhanced Susceptibility to Endotoxic Shock and Impaired STAT3 Signaling in CD31-Deficient Mice
“...MA6060) (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) was performed on serum from mice injected with 10 9 {mu}g/g LPS for...”
“...including INFg, IL-6, MCP-1, MCP-5, and sTNFR1 were noted when sera was assayed using a Panomics cytokine array assay to assess cytokine profiles over a 24-hour time period of WT and ...”
Am. J. Pathol., Michael Carrithers et al., Jan 2005; 166: 185–196.

Human Polynucleotide Phosphorylase (hPNPaseold-35): A Potential Link between Aging and Inflammation
“...hPNPase old-35 infection were analyzed in culture supernatants using the human cytokine antibody array (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. ...”
Cancer Res., Devanand Sarkar et al., Oct 2004; 64: 7473–7478.

Vein Graft Neointimal Hyperplasia Is Exacerbated by Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 Signaling in Graft-Intrinsic Cells
“...Conditioned media were then assayed for chemokines using anti-cytokine antibody array membranes (Panomics, Calif). ...”
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., Lisheng Zhang et al., Dec. 2004; 24: 2277–2283.

Probing the proteome—The completion of the human genome sequence, coupled with analytical techniques such as mass spectroscopy, has fuelled interest in proteomics.
“Off-the-shelf protein arrays are must beginning to trickle onto the market. But most have been low-density antibody arrays for profiling cytokines, secreted proteins that act as intercellular chemical messengers. Panomics of Redwood City, California, produces Human Cytokine Antibody Array 2.0 for profiling the expression of 21 well-studied human cytokines. The array uses standard chemiluminescence detection and detects soluble cytokines at concentrations in the picogram per millilitre range.”
Nature, Vol. 424, 31 July, 2003.

Protein/DNA Arrays

Evidence that sequence homologous region in LRAT-like proteins possesses anti-proliferative activity and DNA binding properties: translational implications and mechanism of action
“...Transcription factor analysis Transcription factor gene array analysis (Panomics Transcription factor pathfinder array kit, Redwood City, CA) was used to profile activities of ...”
Carcinogenesis, Denise Perry Simmons et al. Oct 2005; 10.1093/carcin/bgi235

Fibrotic Lung Fibroblasts Show Blunted Inhibition by cAMP Due to Deficient cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein Phosphorylation
“...were run and separated by electrophoresis on 6% polyacrylamide gels as per the manufacturer's protocol (Panomics, Redwood City, CA), and then visualized by chemiluminescence. ...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Xiaoqiu Liu et al. Nov 2005; 315: 678–687.

Fc RI and Toll-Like Receptors Mediate Synergistic Signals to Markedly Augment Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Murine Mast Cells
“...Activated transcription factors were identified by use of oligonucleotide arrays (Protein/DNA Arrays, Panomics, Redwood City, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. ...”
Blood, Huihong Qiao et al. Sep 2005; 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2271.

Involvement of Inflammation, Degradation, and Apoptosis in a Mouse Model of Glaucoma
“...oligonucleotide containing an N-(kappa)B DNA-binding consensus sequence, 5′-AGT TGA GGG GAC TTT CCC AGG C-3′ (Panomics, Inc.), and a unlabeled oligonucleotide, 5′-AGT TGA GGC GAC TTT CCC AGG C-3′, was used . ...”
J. Biol. Chem., Xiaohong Zhou et al. Sep 2005; 280: 31240–31248.

Nitric oxide mediates increased susceptibility to dopaminergic damage in Nurr1 heterozygous mice
“...Protein-DNA interaction array analysis Protein-DNA interactions were analyzed using Panomics Protein/DNA Arrays. ...”
FASEB J., Syed Z. Imam et al. Sep 2005; 19: 1441–1450.

Calreticulin signals upstream of calcineurin and MEF2C in a critical Ca2+-dependent signaling cascade
“... The nuclear proteins were isolated and then applied to protein/DNA arrays (Panomics Inc.). ...”
J. Cell Biol., Jeffrey Lynch et al. Jul 2005; 170: 37–47.

p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Downregulates Endothelial Progenitor Cells
“...Protein/DNA–Binding Assay Protein/DNA arrays were performed according to the manufacturer's protocol (Panomics). ...”
“...Protein-DNA binding of different transcription factors was analyzed by use of precoated membranes (Panomics). ...”
Circulation, Florian H. Seeger et al. Mar 2005; 111: 1184–1191.

Concurrent opposite effects of an inhibitor of histone deacetylases, Trichostatin-A, on the expression of cardiac -myosin heavy chain and tubulins: Implication for gain in cardiac muscle contractility
“...Protein/DNA Array (Panomics, Inc., Redwood City, CA) that permitted the identification of activated transcription factors in response to...” “...from control or TSA treated myocytes were obtained utilizing a commercially available nuclear extraction kit (Panomics, Inc., Redwood City, CA). ...”
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, Francesca J. Davis et al., Mar 2005; 288; 1477–1490.

A novel signaling pathway mediates the inhibition of CCL3/4 expression by PGE2
“...Protein/DNA Array I Running Title: A novel PGE 2 signaling pathway in dendritic cells 10 (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ...”
J. Biol. Chem., Huie Jing et al., Dec 2004; 279: 55176–55186.

Role of Protein Kinase C in Endothelin-Induced Type I Collagen Expression in Cardiac Myofibroblasts Isolated from the Site of Myocardial Infarction
“...A protein DNA array kit and Sp1 reporter construct were purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Vishnu Chintalgattu and Laxmansa C. Katwa, Nov 2004; 311: 691–699.

Bone Marrow Stroma Influences Transforming Growth Factor—b Production in Breast Cancer Cells to Regulate c-myc Activation of the Preprotachykinin—I Gene in Breast Cancer Cells
“...cell lines) and BM stroma were screened for transcription factors (TF) using Protein/DNA Array (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ...”
Cancer Res., H. S. Oh et al., Sept. 2004; 64: 6327–6336.

CD44 modulates Smad1 activation in the BMP-7 signaling pathway
“...incubated with biotinylated DNA oligonucleotides of 54 select transcription factor binding element sequences (Array; Panomics) ( Lam and Li, 2002 ; Zeng et al., 2003 ). ...”
J. Cell Biol., Richard S. Peterson et al., Sep 2004; 166: 1081–1091.

CD95 ligand induces motility and invasiveness of apoptosis-resistant tumor cells
“...Transcription factor activation was determined using the Protein/DNA array kit (Panomics Redwood City, CA). MCF7 (FB) cells were stimulated with LzCD95L as indicated lollowed by isolation of nuclear extracts according to the manufacturer's protocols. ...”
EMBO J., Bryan C. Barnhart et al., Aug 2004; 23: 3175–3185.

Hypoxic suppression of E. coli-induced NF-kB and AP-1 transactivation by oxyradical signaling
“...The transcription protein/DNA array for NF-{kappa}B and AP-1 was obtained from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, Matuschak et al., Aug 2004; 287: 437–445.

Protein/DNA array based Identification of transcription factor activities regulated by interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor
“The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) regulates gene expression by binding specific sequence elements within the promoters of target genes, or by cross-talk with other transcription factors (TFs). For some TFs, interaction with the GR results in alteration of DNA binding and transcriptional regulation. We used Panomics' Protein/DNA Array—a system that facilitates simultaneous profiling of the activities of multiple transcription factors—to systematically examine the potential cross-talk of GRa with 149 TFs. Using this array, we identified several TFs—including IRF, E47 and COUP-TF—whose DNA-binding activities are modulated by GRa. We then confirmed these results with in vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and in vivo reporter assays. In this study, IRF and E47 were identified as participants in GRa cross-talk for the first time. This new finding expands our understanding of the functional role of GRa in the context of gene expression regulation.”
J. Biol. Chem., Xin Jiang et al., Jul 2004; 279: 38480–38485.

Role of PKCδ in endothelin induced type I collagen expression in cardiac myofibroblasts isolated from the site of myocardial infarction
“...A protein DNA array kit and Sp1 reporter construct was purchased from Panomics (Redwood city, CA, USA).”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Chintalgattu and Katwa, Nov 2004; 301: 691–699.

A novel Retinoic Acid-Responsive Element Regulates Retinoic Acid-Induced BLR1 Expression
“...DR1, NFATc, CREB, NF1, Pbx1 and DNA-protein array and TF-TF array kits were purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, Calif.). ...”
Mol. Cell. Biol., J. Wang and A. Yen, March 2004; v24: p2423–2443.

Bucillamine Induces the Synthesis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Dose-Dependently in Systemic Sclerosis Fibroblasts via Nuclear Factor- B and Simian Virus 40 Promoter Factor 1 Pathways
“...binding to a specific consensus DNA sequence was measured using a Protein/DNA array kit (Panomics Inc.) following the manufacturer's protocol. ...”
Mol. Pharmacol., J. H. W. Distler et al., Feb 2004; v.65: p389–399.

The induction of Toll-like receptor tolerance enhances rather than suppresses HIV-1 gene expression in transgenic mice
“NF-kB, AP-1, CREB, and STAT-1 activation assays. Tg spleen cells were left untreated or exposed to 10 ng/ml LPS for 24 h and then were washed and stimulated with 100 ng/ml of the same ligand. After 3 h, nuclear extracts were prepared using a commercial kit (Panomics Inc., Redwood City, CA), and the protein concentration in each sample was determined using a commercial assay (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). NF-kB, AP-1, CREB, and STAT-1 activation (as assessed by binding to a specific consensus DNA sequence) was measured using a Protein/DNA array kit (Panomics Inc.) following the manufacturer's protocol.”
Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Bafica et al., March 2004; 75: 460–466.

Potential Targets of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitor for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy
“...untreated samples to determine various transcription factors by protein/DNA arrays according to the manufacturer's instructions (Panomics, Redwood, CA). ...”
J. Immunol, Nath et al., January 2004; 172: 1273–1286.

Oral session: Aetiology and molecular mechanisms
“... A screening array (Panomics, Inc.) was used to investigate differential transcription factor activation. Results were confirmed by EMSA. ...”
Journal of Clinical Periodontology, A. Moter et al., June 2003; v30: p5.

Characterization of the promoter and the transcription factors for the mouse UDP-Gal:BetaGlcNAc Beta1,3-galactosyltransferase gene
“Identification of binding proteins by arrays. The identities of the DNA pull-down proteins were determined by a recently developed procedure using the Protein/DNA Array kit according to the manufacturer's instruction (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). In brief, the pulled-down proteins were incubated with probe mix (a set of biotin-labeled oligonucleotides corresponding to consensus sequences of 54 known transcription factors shown in table 1) to allow the formation of DNA/protein complexes, which were then separated from the unbound probes by agarose gel electrophoresis. The probes in the complexes were extracted and hybridized to the Array. Signals of the hybridized probes were visualized using the chemiluminescent imaging system provided with the Protein/DNA Array kit (Panomics, Redwood, CA) and exposed to X-film.”
Gene, T. Xia et al., 2003.

Impaired Ras membrane association and activation in PPAR. knockout mice after partial hepatectomy
“Transcription factor array. Biotin-labeled DNA binding oligonucleotides (probe mix; Panomics) were incubated with 10 .g of nuclear extract for 1 h to allow the formation of protein/DNA (or transcription factor/DNA) complexes. The protein/DNA complexes were then separated from the free probes by 2% agorase gel electrophoresis. Probes were then extracted from the gel, and ethanol was precipitated, resuspended, and hybridized to the Array membrane overnight at 42°C. Membranes were incubated with horseradish peroxidase-labeled streptavidin (DAKO). Detection of signals was obtained using enhanced chemiluminescence imaging system.”
Am. Journal Physiology, Wheeler, October 2002.

Improvements in Cloning Efficiencies May Be Possible by Increasing Uniformity in Recipient Oocytes and Donor Cells
“Selection of Donor Cell Lines Based on Physiological State. As described previously, roscovitine-treated donor cells are more likely to be susceptible to reprogramming events in the oocyte post-transfer compared to serum-starved or control cells [3]. We have evaluated the DNA binding activities of nuclear extracts generated from roscovitine-treated, serum-starved, and control cells to cis-elements of 54 well known transcription factors (Panomics, Inc). Each nuclear fraction was incubated with the biotin-labeled cis-elements and bound probes were extracted, hybridized to an array membrane, and detected by immuno-staining using chemiluminescence. Transcription factor binding to their respective cis-elements was significantly (P <0.05) higher for roscovitine-treated cell extracts compared to extracts generated with serum-starved treatments and control cells (s.l. pratt and s.l. stice, unpublished data).”
Biology of Reproduction, Miyoshi, October 30, 2002.

Characterization of the 5'-flanking fragment of the human GM3-synthase gene
“The identities of the DNA pull-down proteins were determined by a novel procedure using the Protein/DNA Array kit (Panomics, Redwood, CA). This array-based technology is a significant improvement over 180 gel mobility-shift assays, and allows the functional analysis of dozens of eukaryotic transcription factors at a time.”
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, Zeng, October 2002.

Applications of high-throughput methods to cancer metastases
“Based on Panomics Assay. Transcription factors (TF) interact with specific DNA-binding elements present in the promoters of certain genes to promoter transcriptional initiation. The expression or activity of TFs may be regulated in a cell-type, tissue-specific, or cell cycle-dependent manner. Regulation can also be mediated by interactions with other proteins. Undestanding of how gene expression is regulated is the biochemical activity of different TFs. The Protein/DNA Array permits the nuclear expression of many TFs at a time, thus providing a picture of transcriptional state of the assayed tissue. Each TranSignbal Protein/DNA Array is spotted with 54 different consensus-binding sequences that correspond to a specific transcription factor.”
J Musculoskel Neuron Interact, E.T. Keller and Z. Yao, August 2002.

An array-based method for specifically profiling multiple transcription factor activity
“The technology provides a fast and simple tool for determining the activity changes of transcription factors of different cells and under different conditions.”
Am. Biotechnology, July 2002.

Malignant transformation of melanocytes to melanoma by constitutive activation of MAP kinase kinase signaling
“Signal Transduction Array. The protein array was done to compare the transcription factors involved in L10BIOBRMAPKK and L10BIOBRGFP cells. Nuclear extract was isolated from these cells using Panomics™ Nuclear Extraction Kit (Cat. #AY2002) and the array was performed using Protein/DNA Arrays. In brief, DNA/protein hybridization was carried out according to the manufacturers instructions. The gel area was excised containing the protein/DNA complex and the protein/DNA complex was extracted using the extraction buffer and finally incubated with 6 µl of gel extraction beads and incubated at room temperature for 10 min. The mixture was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 30 sec to pellet out the beads. The beads were washed and the supernatant was removed. The bound probes were eluted by resuspending the pellet in 50 µl of dH2O and incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes with vortexing for 2–3 times during incubation.”
Journal of Biological Chemistry, Govindarajan, January 3, 2003.

17ß-Estradiol Attenuates Development of Angiotensin-Induced Aortic Abdominal Aneurysm in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
“Objectives—Angiotensin II (Ang II) promotes vascular inflammation, accelerates atherosclerosis, and induces abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). These changes were associated with activation of nuclear factor (NF)-B–mediated induction of proinflammatory genes. The incidence of AAA in this model was higher in male than in female mice, and the vascular effects of estrogen may be associated with anti-inflammatory actions. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that estrogen can attenuate Ang II–induced AAA in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice via its anti-inflammatory mechanism.”
Atherosclerosis and Lipoproteins, Y. Wang, September 2003.

Luciferase Reporter Vectors

Prostaglandin E2 Enhances Neurotrophin-4 Production via EP3 Receptor in Human Keratinocytes
“...sequence underlined in front of TATA box upstream of firefly luciferase reporter was purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Naoko Kanda et al., Nov 2005; 315: 796–804.

Activation and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Regulation of Transcription Factors Ets and NF- κB in Mycobacterium-Infected Macrophages and Role of These Factors in Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 Promoter Function
“...and the luciferase gene was created by subcloning the KpnI-HindIII fragment of NF-{kappa}B-p (purchased from Panomics, Redwood City, CA) into the KpnI and HindIII site of pGL3 basic luciferase vector (Promega). ...” “... of the Ets-1 binding site (ACCGGAAGTT) into the NheI and BglII site of p(Ets-pTransLucent; Panomics). ...”
Infect. Immun. Vasc. Biol., Seong-Beom Lee and Jeffrey S. Schorey, Oct 2005; 73: 6499–6507.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor g Ligands Stimulate Endothelial Nitric Oxide Production Through Distinct Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor g-Dependent Mechanisms
“...(PPREs) in which luciferase expression is induced by PPAR agonists, or with the control vector (Panomics, Inc), using the FuGENE 6 transfection reagent (Roche). ...”
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., John A. Polikandriotis et al., Sep 2005; 25: 1810–1816.

Metabolism and Transactivation Activity of 13,14-Dihydroretinoic Acid
“...The RXRE from the vector RXR (2) reporter vector (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) was amplified using the primers 5′-CTCAACCCTATCTCGGTCTATTCT and 5′-ATGCCAGCTTCATTATATACCCA and cloned upstream of...”
J. Biol. Chem., Alexander R. Moise et al., Jul 2005; 280: 27815–27825.

Prostaglandin E2 enhances neurotrophin-4 production via EP3 receptor in human keratinocytes
“...sequence underlined) in front of TATA box upstream of firefly luciferase reporter was purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
Mol. Cell. Biol., Yun Dai et al., Jul 2005; 25: 5429–5444.

Blockade of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor-Induced RelA/p65 Acetylation and NF- B Activation Potentiates Apoptosis in Leukemia Cells through a Process Mediated by Oxidative Damage, XIAP Downregulation, and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1 Activation
“... binding activity of NF-{kappa}B through the use of a standard luciferase assay, was purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
Mol. Cell. Biol., Yun Dai et al., Jul 2005; 25: 5429–5444.

The Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor L744832 Potentiates UCN-01—Induced Apoptosis in Human Multiple Myeloma Cells
“...binding activity of STAT3 through the use of the standard luciferase assay, was purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
Clin. Cancer Res., Xin-Yan Pei et al., Jun 2005; 11: 4589–4600.

Positively charged retinoids are potent and selective inhibitors of the trans-cis isomerization in the retinoid (visual) cycle
“...The RXRE element from the vector RXR (1) reporter vector (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) was amplified by using the primers 3'-CTCAACCCTATCTCGGTCTATTCT-5' and 3'-ATGCCAGCTTCATTATATACCCA-5' and cloned upstream...”
PNAS, Marcin Golczak et al., Jun 2005; 102: 8162–8167.

Metabolism and transactivation activity of 13,14-dihydroretinoic acid
“...The RXRE element from the vector RXR (2) reporter vector (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) was amplified using the primers 5'-CTCAACCCTATCTCGGTCTATTCT and 5'-ATGCCAGCTTCATTATATACCCA and cloned upstream of...”
J. Biol. Chem., Alexander R. Moise et al., May 2005; 10.1074/jbc.M503520200.

Cotreatment with Suberanoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid and 17-Allylamino 17-demethoxygeldanamycin Synergistically Induces Apoptosis in Bcr-Abl+ Cells Sensitive and Resistant to STI571 (Imatinib Mesylate) in Association with Down-Regulation of Bcr-Abl, Abrogation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5 Activity, and Bax Conformational Change
“...transcriptional activity of STAT5, K562 cell were cotransfected with pSTAT5-luc plasmid encoding for firefly luciferase (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) and pRL-TK-luc plasmid encoding for Renilla reniformis luciferase. ...”
Mol. Pharmacol. Mohamed Rahmani et al., Apr 2005; 67: 1166–1176.

Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3ß Participates in Nuclear Factor B–Mediated Gene Transcription and Cell Survival in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
“...The E2F1 and p53 luciferase reporter constructs were obtained from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
Cancer Res., Andrei V. Ougolkov et al., Mar 2005; 65: 2076–2081.

Role of Protein Kinase C in Endothelin-Induced Type I Collagen Expression in Cardiac Myofibroblasts Isolated from the Site of Myocardial Infarction
“...In accordance with the manufacturer's instructions (Panomics), 2 {mu}g of Sp1 reporter vector or 2 {mu}g of pSilencer Sp1 siRNA along with...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Vishnu Chintalgattu and Laxmansa C. Katwa, Nov 2004; 311: 691–699.

TF-TF Interaction Arrays

FOXC1 Transcriptional Regulatory Activity is Impaired by PBX1 in a Filamin A-Mediated Manner
“..A7 cells were incubated with the biotinylated oligonucleotide probeset for the TF-TF interaction array I (Panomics) followed by incubation with bacterially expressed His 6-tagged FOXC1 bound to magneric Ni 2+...”
Mol. Cell. Biol., F. Berry et al., v25: p1415–1424, Feb. 2005

The 15-Deoxy- 12,14-Prostaglandin J2 Inhibits the Inflammatory Response in Primary Rat Astrocytes via Down-Regulating Multiple Steps in Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt-NF- B-p300 Pathway Independent of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma
“...This observation was further supported by p300-TF (transcription factor) interaction array experiment (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ...” “Transcription factors that interacted with p300 were detected by the Panomics array...”
J. Immunol., Shailendra Giri et al., Oct 2004; 173: 5196–5208.

Prolactin Signals Through RUSH/SMARCA3 in the Absence of a Physical Association with Stat5a
“TF-TF Interaction Arrays (MA5010 and MA5011) were purchased from Panomics (Redwood City, CA).”
Biol Reprod, Aveline Hewetson et al., Aug 2004; 10.1095/biolreprod.104.031435.

Functional Characterization of the Bladder Cancer Marker, BLCA-4
“...analyzed multiple transcription factors in one experiment using the TF-TF Interaction Arrays I and II (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ...”
Clin. Cancer Res, Tokoyada and Matsushita, May 2004; 16: 643–653.

Cysteamine alters redox state, HIF-1a transcriptional interactions and reduces duodenal mucosal oxygenation: novel insight into the mechanisms of duodenal ulceration
“...To determine changes in Egr-1 transcriptional activity in Rat duodenal mucosa induced by cysteamine we used the TF-TF Interaction Assay Kit (Panomics, Redwood City, CA)...”
BBRC., Khomenko et al. March 2004; 317: p121–127.

Effects of Cysteamine on redox sensitive thiol containing proteins in the duodenal mucosa
“...To determine changes in Egr-1 transcriptional activity in Rat duodenal mucosa induced by cysteamine we used the TF-TF Interaction Assay Kit (Panomics, Redwood City, CA)...”
BBRC., Khomenko et al. March 200; 309: p910–916.

Use of a Protein Array to Identify Transcription Factor Interactions with TERT in Cataractous and Normal Lens Epithelial Cells
“Methods: The TF-TF Interaction Array I from Panomics was used to screen for 54 TF-protein interactions. Briefly, nuclear protein was extracted from a normal and a cataractous canine anterior lens capsule and quantified by Bradford assay. Each sample was then incubated with the biotin-labeled, double-stranded oligonucleotide probes provided, allowing the TF cis-elements to bind the TERT protein in the sample extracts. An immunoprecipitation was then performed using an antibody to TERT (Calbiochem) in order to pull out the TF cis-elements interacting with TERT. Non-specific binding was then washed away and then cis-elements bound to TERT and anti-TERT antibody were then eluted and hybridized to the Array membrane (1 membrane per sample and a negative control). The membranes are spotted with 54 different TF consensus sequences and direct comparisons of spot intensity were made between the two sample blots to identify differences in TF interactions.”
GARVO Meeting Abtracts, C. Colitz and V.J. Kuonen, May 2003.

An Sp1-NF-Y/progesterone receptor DNA binding-dependent mechanism regulates progesterone-induced transcriptional activation of the rabbit RUSH/SMARCA3 gene
“Transcription Factor (TF) Interaction Arrays. One virgin, adult female rabbit received sc injections of progesterone (3 mg/kg/day) for 5 days. Nuclear proteins were extracted from nuclei isolated from the endometrium according to Kleis-SanFrancisco et al. (20). The TF-TF Interaction array was processed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Briefly, 50 µg of nuclear extract protein was incubated with biotin-labeled double-stranded oligonucleotide probes, i.e. a library of cis-elements. RUSH plus affiliated transcription factors were immunoprecipitated with a cocktail (1 µg) of affinity purified anti-RUSH-1 α (β ) (2) and anti-RUSH-1 α (11) antibodies, and magnetic protein G beads. For the negative control, the antibodies were replaced with normal IgG. Free cis-elements and nonspecific binding proteins were washed away. RUSH-affiliated biotin-labeled probes were eluted from the magnetic beads and hybridized to Protein/DNA Array membranes. This approach produced an interaction profile for RUSH and 150 unique transcription factors.”
J. Biol. Chem., A. Hewetson and B.S. Chilton, July 2003.

Impaired Ras membrane association and activation in PPAR. knockout mice after partial hepatectomy
“Transcription factor array. Biotin-labeled DNA binding oligonucleotides (Probe mix; Panomics) were incubated with 10 .g of nuclear extract for 1 h to allow the formation of protein/DNA (or transcription factor/DNA) complexes. The protein/DNA complexes were then separated from the free probes by 2% agorase gel electrophoresis. Probes were then extracted from the gel, and ethanol was precipitated, resuspended, and hybridized to the Array membrane overnight at 42°C. Membranes were incubated with horseradish peroxidase-labeled streptavidin (DAKO). Detection of signals was obtained using enhanced chemiluminescence imaging system.”
Am. Journal Physiology, Wheeler, October 2002.

EMSA Kits

Prostaglandin E2 Enhances Neurotrophin-4 Production via EP3 Receptor in Human Keratinocytes
“... Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed using an EMSA kit (Panomics) by incubating a biotin-labeled probe with a nuclear extract. ...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Naoko Kanda et al., Nov 2005; 315: 796–804.

RNA Interference-directed Knockdown of Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Invasion, Survival, and Tumorigenicity in Vivo
“... Stat 3 in the protein extract and DNA probe was investigated using EMSA kit from Panomics (Redwood City, CA) as per the manufacturer's instructions. ...”
J. Biol. Chem., Sai MuraliKrishna Pulukuri et al., Oct 2005; 280: 36529–36540.

Evidence that sequence homologous region in LRAT-like proteins possesses anti-proliferative activity and DNA binding properties: translational implications and mechanism of action
“...EMSA Panomics EMSA kit (Redwood City, CA) was used to verify select GIP bound transcription factors. ...”
Carcinogenesis, Denise Perry Simmons et al. Oct 2005; 10.1093/carcin/bgi235.

Sodium lactate increases LPS-stimulated MMP and cytokine expression in U937 histiocytes by enhancing AP-1 and NF- B transcriptional activities
“...The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed using a nonradioactive EMSA kit (Panomics, Redwood, CA) according to the experimental procedures provided by the manufacturer. ...”
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab., Alena Nareika et al., Oct 2005; 289: E534–E542.

Protective Effect of α -Lipoic Acid in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Fractalkine Expression
“...Signals were detected by chemiluminescent imaging according to the manufacturer's protocol (EMSA Gel-Shift Kit; Panomics). ...”
Circ. Res., Mi Jeong Sung et al., Sep 2005; 10.1161/01.RES.0000186522.89544.4D.

Punica granatum L. Extract Inhibits IL-1ß—Induced Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases by Inhibiting the Activation of MAP Kinases and NF-B in Human Chondrocytes In Vitro
“...kit with a biotin-labeled NF-{kappa}B consensus probe essentially according to the instructions of the manufacturer (Panomics). ...”
J. Nutr., Salahuddin Ahmed et al., Sep 2005; 135: 2096–2102.

Involvement of inflammation, degradation and apoptosis in a mouse model of glaucoma
“...containing an NFkB DNA binding consensus sequence, 5'-AGT TGA GGG GAC TTT CCC AGG C-3' (Panomics, Inc), and a unlabeled oligonucleotide, 5'-AGT TGA GGC GAC TTT CCC AGG C-3', was used...”
J. Biol. Chem., Xiaohong Zhou et al., Jun 2005; 10.1074.

RNA interference-directed knockdown of urokinase plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor inhibits prostate cancer cell invasion, survival and tumorigenicity in vivo
“...extract and DNA probe was investigated using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) kit from Panomics (Redwood City, CA) as per the manufacturer's instructions. ...”
J. Biol. Chem., Pulukuri Sai MuraliKrishna et al. Aug 2005; 10.1074/jbc.M503111200.

Endothelin-mediated increases in lung VEGF content promote vascular leak in young rats exposed to viral infection and hypoxia
“...10 minutes in binding buffer prior to the addition of 10 ng biotinylated HIF-1 probe (Panomics). ...”
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol., Todd C Carpenter et al., Jul 2005; 10.1152/ajplung.00251.2005.

Prostaglandin E2 enhances neurotrophin-4 production via EP3 receptor in human keratinocytes
“...EMSA was performed using an EMSA kit (Panomics) by incubating a biotin-labeled probe with a nuclear extract. ...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Naoko Kanda et al., Aug 2005; 10.1124/jpet.105.091645.

Fibrotic lung fibroblasts show blunted inhibition by cAMP due to deficient CREB phosphorylation
“...were run and separated by electrophoresis on 6% polyacrylamide gels as per the manufacturer's protocol (Panomics), then visualized by chemiluminescence. ...”
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., Xiaoqiu Liu et al., Aug 2005; 10.1124/jpet.105.090324.

Rituximab-Induced Inhibition of YY1 and Bcl-xL Expression in Ramos Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Cell Line via Inhibition of NF- B Activity: Role of YY1 and Bcl-xL in Fas Resistance and Chemoresistance, Respectively
“...min at room temperature with biotin-labeled oligonucleotide NF-{kappa}B and YY1 probe using an EMSA kit (Panomics) according to the manufacturer's instructions. ...”
J. Immunol., Mario I. Vega et al., Aug 2005; 175: 2174–2183.

ERK Activation Following Macrophage Fc R Ligation Leads to Chromatin Modifications at the IL-10 Locus
“...Nuclear extracts were prepared from 2 * 10 7 macrophages using the Nuclear Extraction kit (Panomics) following the manufacturer's protocol.” “... EMSAs were conducted using the EMSA “Gel-Shift“ kit (Panomics). ...”
J. Immunol., Mark Lucas et al., Jul 2005; 175: 469–477.

Genomic structure and functional characterization of the human ADAM10 promoter
“...Electrophoretic mobility shift assay For electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) a kit from Panomics, Inc. ...”
FASEB J, Claudia Prinzen et al., Jun 2005; 10.1096/fj.04-3619fje.

Sodium Lactate Increases Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated MMP and Cytokine Expression in U937 Histiocytes by Enhancing AP-1 and NF B Transcriptional Activities
“...The EMSA was performed using a non-radioactive EMSA kit (Panomics, Inc., Redwood, CA) according to the experimental procedures provided by the manufacturer. ...”
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, Alena Nareika et al., Jun 2005; 10.1152/ajpendo.00462.2004.

Sympathetic vesicovascular reflex induced by acute urinary retention evokes proinflammatory and proapoptotic injury in rat liver
“...micrograms of nuclear extracts were analyzed by using a commercially available Electrophoretic-Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA, Panomics) for identifying NF-(kappa)B and activator protein-1 (AP-1), which interact with DNA....“ “....extracts from 0.5 g of fresh liver samples were obtained with a nuclear extraction kit (Panomics, Redwood City, CA)....”
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, Hong-Jeng Yu et al., May 2005; 288: 1005–1014.

Advanced Glycation End Products Enhance Expression of Pro-apoptotic Genes and Stimulate Fibroblast Apoptosis through Cytoplasmic and Mitochondrial Pathways
“...between NF-{kappa}B in the protein extract and DNA probe was investigated using EMSA kit from Panomics (Redwood City, CA) following the manufacturer's instruction. ...”
J. Biol. Chem., Zoubin Alikhani et al., Apr 2005; 280: 12087–12095.

Mechanism of Protection from Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration by the Synthetic Antioxidant Phenyl-N-tert-Butylnitrone
“...The biotin-labeled and unlabeled AP-1 double-stranded DNA was purchased from Panomics Inc. ...”
Invest. Opthalmol. Vis. Sci., H. Tomita et al., Feb. 2005; v46: p427–434.

Glutamine Modulates LPS-induced IL-8 Production through IkB / NFkB in human Fetal and Adult Intestinal Epithelium
“...The binding tests for transcriptional factors were performed as described in the kit from Panomics, i.e. 10ml binding reaction mixtures containing 1mg of poly (dI-dC) and 10...”
J. Nutr., K.C. Liboni et al., Feb. 2005; v135: p245–251.

NF-kB mediates proteolysis-inducing factor induced protein degradation and expression of the ubiquitin?proteasome system in skeletal muscle
“...Electrophoretic-mobility shift (EMSA) gel shift assay kits were from Panomics (CA, USA)...”
British Journal of Cancer, S. M. Wyke & M. J. Tisdale, Feb. 2005; 92: 711–721.

Rituximab (Chimeric Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody) Inhibits the Constitutive Nuclear Factor-kB Signaling Pathway in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma B-Cell Lines: Role in Sensitization to Chemotherapeutic Drug-Induced Apoptosis
“...Biotin-labeled oligonucleotide NFkB probe (5'AGTTGAGGGGACTTTCCCAGGC-3'; Ref 39) using the electrophorectic mobility shift assay kit (Panomics, Inc. Redwood City, CA) as reported (35)...”
Cancer Res., A. R. Jazirehi et al., Jan. 2005; v65: p264–276.

FOXO1αfunctions as a master switch that regulates gene expression necessary for TNF-induced fibroblast apoptosis
“... between nuclear proteins and FOXO1 DNA probe (CAAAACAA) was investigated using an EMSA kit from Panomics (Redwood City, CA) following the manufacturer's instruction and as previously reported (18). ...”
“... which fibroblasts were stimulated by TNF (20ng/ml) for 1 hour using a kit developed by Panomics, Inc (Redwood City, CA) ...”
J. Biol. Chem., Mani Alikhani et al., Jan 2005; 10.1074/jbc.M412171200.

Sympathetic Vesicovascular Reflex Induced by Acute Urinary Retention Evokes Proinflammatory and Proapoptotic Injury in Rat Livers
“...B probes sets were used for Panomics EMSA kits...”
Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., Hong-Jeng Yu et al., Dec 2004; 10.1152/ajprenal.00223.2004.

Advanced glycation endproducts enhance expression of pro-apoptotic genes and stimulate fibroblast apoptosis through cytoplasmic and mitochondrial pathways
“...the protein extract and DNA probe was investigated using electrophoreticmobility shift assay (EMSA) kit from Panomics (Redwood City, CA) following the manufacturer's instruction. ...”
“...RT-PCR was carried out using primer pairs from Panomics in which an internal standard, GAPDH, is run for the same number of cycles as...”
J. Biol. Chem., Zoubin Alikhani et al., Dec 2004.

Activation of the Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cell Signal Transduction Pathway in Atrial Fibrillation
“...50 mmol/L NaCl, 1 mmol/L dithiothreitol, 0.5 mmol/L EDTA, 5% glycerol, and 1 {mu}g poly-d(I-C) (Panomics; Redwood City, CA). ...”
“...the membrane was incubated with strepavidin-horse radish peroxidase in blocking buffer (Gel-Shift Kit; Panomics). ...”
Chest, Chih-Chung Lin et al., Dec 2004; 126: 1926–1932.

Mechanism of the Attenuation of Proteolysis-Inducing Factor Stimulated Protein Degradation in Muscle by ß-Hydroxy-ß-Methylbutyrate
“...Electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) gel shift assay kits were from Panomics (Redwood City, CA). ...”
Cancer Res., Helen J. Smith et al., Dec 2004; 64: 8731–8735.

Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Binding to p300 Stimulates DNA-Dependent Acetylation of p53
“...oligonucleotide probe (IRFE) labeled with biotin and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) Gel-Shift kit (Panomics). ...” “...and lysate expressing either wild-type (wt) or mutant IRF-1 protein was incubated with binding buffer (Panomics) containing poly(I {dot} C) (50 ng/{mu}l) and 20 fmol of biotin end-labeled IRF-1 consensus site ...”
Mol. Cell. Biol., David Dornan et al., Nov 2004; 24: 10083–10098.

Induction of proteasome expression in skeletal muscle is attenuated by inhibitors of NF-kB activation
“...Electrophoretic-mobility shift (EMSA) gel shift assay kits were from Panomics (California, USA)...”
British Journal of Cancer, S.M. Wyke et al., Nov. 2004; 91: 1742–1750.

Inhibition of the Raf–MEK1/2–ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway, Bcl-xL Down-Regulation, and Chemosensitization of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma B Cells by Rituximab
“...probe (5′-CGCTTGATGACTCAGCCGGAA-3′; ref. 25 ) using the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) kit purchased from Panomics Inc. ...”
Cancer Res., Ali R. Jazirehi et al., Oct 2004; 64: 7117–7126.

Isoprenoid-Mediated Control of SMAD3 Expression in a Cultured Model of Cystic Fibrosis Epithelial Cells
“...Electromobility Shift Assay Protocols and reagents for the electromobility shift assay were provided by Panomics (Redwood City, CA) and manufacturer instructions were followed. ... Separated samples are then electroblotted onto Biodyne B membrane (Panomics) and ultraviolet crosslinked. Biotinylated oligos are detected by probing with streptavidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase and visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence. ...”
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol, Jenny Y. Lee et al., Aug 2004; 31: 234–240.

Strain-specific variants of the mouse Cftr promoter region reveal transcriptional regulatory elements
“...Nuclear lysate from mouse epithelial cell lines were harvested according to Panomics (Redwood City, Ca) nuclear extraction protocol. ... The EMSA detection method was carried out using Panomics EMSA ‘Gel-Shift’ Kits. ...”
Hum. Mol. Genet, Ulatowski et al., Sept. 2004; v13: p1933–1941.

Nitric oxide sensitizes prostate carcinoma cell lines to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via inactivation of NF-kB and inhibition of Bcl-xL expression
“...were mixed for 30 min at room temperature with Biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probe NF-B using EMSA Kit Panomics (Panomics Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA) following the manufacturer's instructions...”
Oncogene, S. Huerta-Yepez et al., June 2004: 23; 4993–5003.

Pneumocystis Activates Human alveolar Macrophage NFkB Signaling through Mannose Receptors
“The double-stranded 5′-biotin-labeled NF-{kappa}B oligonucleotide probe (consensus sequence 5′-AGTTGAGGGGACTTTCCCAGGC-3′; Panomics, Inc., Redwood City, Calif.) was incubated with the nuclear extract in 1* binding buffer-5 mM...”
Infect. Immun., Zhang at al., June 2004; 72: 3147–3160.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induces Fractalkine Expression Preferentially in Arterial Endothelial Cells and Mithramycin A Suppresses TNF-a-Induced Fractalkine Expression
“... and signals were detected by chemiluminescence imaging according to the manufacturer's protocol (EMSA Gel-Shift kit; Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ...”
Am. J. Pathol., So Young Ahn et al., May 2004; 164: 1663–1672.

Role of protein kinase C and NF-kB in proteolysis-inducing factor-induced proteasome expression in C2C12 myotubes
“...Electrophoretic-mobility shift (EMSA) gel shift assay kits were from Panomics (California, USA)...”
Brisitsh Journal of Cancer, H.J. Smith et al., May 2004; 90: 1850–1857.

Rituximab inhibits p38 MAPK activity in 2F7 B NHL and decreases IL-10 transcription: Pivotal role of p38 MAPK in drug resistance
“...with the Biotin-labeled oligonucleotide probe Sp1, STAT3, and NFB using the EMSA Kit purchased from Panomics (Panomics, Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA), following the manufacturer's instructions...”
Oncogene, M.I. Vega et al., April 2004; 23: 3530–3540.

Up-regulation of IL-4 production by the activated cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A) pathway in CD3/CD28-stimulated naive T cells
“Electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Gel mobility shift assays were carried out as outlined by the manufacturer (EMSA kit, NF-ATc probe (Panomics, Redwood City, CA).”
Intl. Immunology, Tokoyada, Tsujikawa, April 2004.

A novel Retinoic Acid-Responsive Element Regulates Retinoic Acid-Induced BLR1 Expression
“...EMSA and supershift assay EMSAs were performed using Panomics kit...”
Mol. Cell. Biol., J. Wang and A. Yen, March 2004; v24: p2423–2443.

Isoprinoid-mediated control of SMAD3 expression in one model of cystic fibrosis epithelial cells
“Electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Protocols and reagents for the EMSA were provided by Panomics (Redwood City, CA) and manufacturer instructions were followed.”
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., Lee, Elmer, March 2004.

Bucillamine Induces the Synthesis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Dose-Dependently in Systemic Sclerosis Fibroblasts via Nuclear Factor- B and Simian Virus 40 Promoter Factor 1 Pathways
“...electrophoretic mobility shoft assay was performed using an EMSA kit according to the manufacturer's instructions (Panomics Inc., Redwood City, CA)...”
Mol. Pharmacol., J. H. W. Distler et al. Feb 2004; v.65: p389–399.

Activation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Signaling Pathway in Renal Proximal Tubular Cells by Albumin
"Electrophoretic mobility shift assays. EMSA was prerformed with the Panomics's EMSA kit (Panomics, Redwood City, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
J Am Soc Nephrol, Nakajima, February 2004

Resveratrol modifies the expression of apoptotic regulatory proteins and sensitizes non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma cell lines to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis
"Electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Mobility shift assay (EMSA) kit purchased from Panomics, Inc. ....
Mol. Cancer Ther., Jazirehi and Bonavida, January 2004; 3: 71 - 84,

Estrogen Receptor α Mediates Estrogen's Immune Protection in Autoimmune Disease
Samples were preincubated with biotin-conjugated estrogen response element (ERE; Panomics, Redwood City, CA) then subjected to electrophoresis. ...
J. Immunol., Hong-biao Liu, December 2003; 171: 6936 - 6940,

Enhanced: A White Collar Protein Senses Blue Light
"Electrophoretic mobility shift assays. The methods glossary provided by the Alzheimer Research Forum includes a definition of EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift assays). An introduction to EMSA is provided for a course on biochemistry and molecular cell biology at the Institute of Biochemistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. The Schepartz Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Yale University, makes available an EMSA protocol description (in PDF format) by J. Montclare. Panomics provides information about its EMSA kits."
Science, Linden 297 (5582): 777

Activation for p-21-Activated Kinase 1-Nuclear Factor κ B Signaling by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpes Virus G Protein-Coupled Receptor during Cellular Transformation
"Electrophoretic mobility shift assay. EMSAs were performed using a EMSA "Gel-Shift" kit from Panomics, Inc. ... (Panomics Inc., Redwood City, CA)."
Cancer Research, Dadke et al. Dec 2003; 63: 8837 - 8847;

A CBP binding transcriptional repressor produced by the PS1/epsilon-cleavage of N-cadherin is inhibited by PS1 FAD mutations.
"...EMSA performed according to manufacturer's instructions using biotinylated double-stranded oligonucleotide probes containing DNA binding motifs for CREB or MEF-1 (Panomics)..."
Cell. P. Marambaud et al., Sept. 2003; v114: p635 - 645

Transcriptional Up-regulation of Endothelial Cell Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Response to Extracellular Cues Involves GATA-2ic mobility shift assays.
Consensus GATA-2 binding double-stranded oligonucleotides (5'-CCTGGCTTATCTCCGGCTGC-3'; Panomics) and complimentary oligonucleotides corresponding to base pairs -1435 to -1387 or -1329 to -1293 of the MMP-2 promoter were annealed and end-labeled using y-[32P]ATP."
Journal of Biological Chemistry, Han et al. 2003; 48 (278),

Expression and Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor 2 in Rheumatoid Arthritis
"Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in mediating cell activation on stimulation with microbial constituents. We investigated the role for TLRs in synovial fibroblast (SF) activation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We analyzed whether stimulation with interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-, cytokines present in RA synovium, influences expression of TLR genes in SFs. The effects were compared with those of treatment with lipopolysaccharide and a synthetic lipopeptide (sBLP). Gene expression was examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. TLR2-mediated cell activation was investigated by electromobility shift assay for nuclear factor-B. To localize TLR2 expression in joint tissue sections of RA patients were stained using in situ hybridization. Expression of TLR2 in RA SFs was increased after treatment with interleukin-1ß, tumor necrosis factor-, lipopolysaccharide, and sBLP. Nuclear factor-B translocation in SFs was triggered by TLR2-mediated cell stimulation. Synovial tissues from RA joints expressed TLR2 predominantly at sites of attachment and invasion into cartilage and bone. The observed elevated expression of TLR2 in RA SFs could be a consequence of direct exposure to microbial compounds or of the presence of inflammatory mediators in the joint. TLR-associated signaling pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of RA, either by initiating or perpetuating activation of SFs."
American Journal Pathology, R. Seibl et al., April 2003

Constitutive CTGF expression in scleroderma fibroblasts is dependent on Sp1 "Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). An ELISA detecting levels of Sp1 binding to a double-stranded oligomer containing a consensus Sp1 site was purchased (Clontech). A commercially available source of Sp1 was purchased (Promega). Fibroblast nuclear extracts were prepared and quantified as previously described (25). Gel shifts were performed with 2-5 mg protein and 0.5 ng probe (1-5 x10 4 cpm) as previously described (22). For competition experiments, 100-fold excess cold competitor was added to the reaction mixture before incubation, when required. The SMAD oligomer was previously described (25); AP2 and Sp1 oligomers were purchased (Promega). A gel-shift microarray which contained double-stranded oligomers bearing consensus binding sites for known transcription factors was purchased and used as described by the manufacturer (Panomics). To assess the role of phosphorylation in Sp1 binding, nuclear extracts were incubated with and without 1 unit calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (Roche) for 1 hour at 37 o C before use in an EMSA."
Journal Biological Chemistry, A. Holmes et al., July 2003

ß2-Microglobulin as a negative regulator of the immune system: High concentrations of the Protein inhibit in vitro genertion of functional dendritic cells
"Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA). Nuclear extracts were prepared from cultured cells using the Nu-CLEAR extraction kit (N-XTRACT, Sigma). NF-.B binding reactions were carried out with 5 µg of nuclear proteins and 1µg NF-.B probe according to manual protocol (EMSA "gel-shift" kits, Panomics Inc, Redwood City, CA). The whole sample was then loaded on a 6% native polyacrylamide gel in Tris-borate-EDTA buffer. After transferred to nylon Biodye-B membrane (Pall Corp, East Hills, NY) and subsequent blocking and washing, the membranes were visualized by chemiluminescence imaging system."
Blood, Xie, prepublished online January 16, 2003

Cardiac Memory Is Associated With Decreased Levels of the Transcriptional Factor CREB Modulated by Angiotensin II and Calcium
"Cardiac memory (CM) has short- (STCM) and long-term (LTCM) components modulated by calcium and angiotensin II. LTCM is associated with reduced Ito and Kv4.3 mRNA levels. Because the cAMP response element binding protein, CREB, contributes to CNS memory transcription, we hypothesized that it might be a transcriptional factor in CM, influenced by calcium and angiotensin II. We studied STCM in dogs that were AV sequentially paced (AVP) for 2 hours or sham-operated. STCM was evaluated with ECG and vectorcardiogram (VCG), and subepicardial biopsies were taken at 5 to 120 minutes and investigated for CREB. LTCM was studied in dogs paced for 3 weeks and in sham controls. At 3 weeks the heart was excised, biopsies obtained, and CRE binding tested. STCM induction occurred in AVP dogs but not in sham or AVP dogs treated with saralasin or nifedipine. Nuclear CREB was significantly decreased at 2 hours in the AVP no-drug group only. LTCM dogs manifested reduced binding of nuclear proteins to CRE, and CRE binding activity in the promoter region of Kv4.3. In conclusion, there is an association between STCM induction and decreased nuclear CREB that is angiotensin-modulated and calcium-dependent. Moreover, the decreased CRE binding after 3 weeks of AVP combined with CRE binding activity in the Kv4.3 promoter can explain the Kv4.3 mRNA and I10 downregulation that characterize LTCM."
Circulation Research, K.W. Patberg et al. September 2003

Nuclear Extraction Kits

Erythropoietin Receptor Signal Transduction Requires Protein Geranylgeranylation
"... Gel Shift Assays: Nuclear extracts were prepared using nuclear extraction kit (Panomics Cat # AY2002) according to manufacturer's protocol. 20 µg equivalent of nuclear extract was mixed. ..."
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., , Sumaya Hamadmad et al. Oct 2005; 10.1124/jpet.105.092510. .

Cholesterol-induced macrophage apoptosis requires ER stress pathways and engagement of the type A scavenger receptor
"... Cytosolic and nuclear extracts were isolated using the Nuclear Extraction Kit (PANOMIC) according to the manufacturer's protocol. ..."
J. Cell Biol., Tracie DeVries-Seimon et al. Oct 2005; 10.1083/jcb.200502078.

The principal eosinophil peroxidase product, HOSCN, is a uniquely potent phagocyte oxidant inducer of endothelial cell tissue factor activity: a potential mechanism for thrombosis in eosinophilic inflammatory states
"... Nuclear Extraction kit (AY2002) was purchased from Panomics, Inc. ..." ... "Nuclear extracts from 107 HUVEC were prepared with a Nuclear Extract Kit (Panomics, Inc) according to the manufacturer's instructions and stored at-80°C until use. ..."
Blood., Jian-Guo Wang et al. Sep 2005; 10.1182/blood-2005-05-2152.

Binding of serum response factor to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CArG-like elements, as a new potential CFTR transcriptional regulation pathway
"... were prepared using the Nuclear extraction kit according to the procedure recommended by the supplier (Panomics, Ozyme, France). ..."
Nucleic Acids Res., Céline René et al. Sep 2005; 33: 5271 - 5290.

Nitric oxide mediates increased susceptibility to dopaminergic damage in Nurr1 heterozygous mice
"... Preparation of nuclear extracts Nuclear extracts were prepared using Panomics Nuclear Extraction Kit. ..."
FASEB J., Syed Z. Imam et al. Sep 2005; 19: 1441 - 1450.

Cleavage of p53-Vimentin Complex Enhances Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand-Mediated Apoptosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts
"... RASF cells were isolated using a nuclear extract buffer kit according to the manufacturer's instructions (Panomics, Redwood City, CA). ..."
Am. J. Pathol., Xinwen Yang et al. Sep 2005; 167: 705 - 719.

Calreticulin signals upstream of calcineurin and MEF2C in a critical Ca2+-dependent signaling cascade
"... Cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins were isolated 48 h after transfection using an extraction kit (Panomics Inc.). ..."
J. Cell Biol., Jeffrey Lynch et al. Jul 2005; 170: 37 - 47.

Negative Feedback Regulation of Met-Dependent Invasive Growth by Notch
"...MDA-MB-435-{beta}4 nuclear extracts were obtained using a nuclear extraction kit (Panomics), following the instructions of the manufacturer, and then they were dialyzed in a buffer containing ..."
Mol. Cell. Biol., M. Cristina Stella et al., May 2005; 25: 3982 - 3996.

Sympathetic vesicovascular reflex induced by acute urinary retention evokes proinflammatory and proapoptotic injury in rat liver
"...extracts from 0.5 g of fresh liver samples were obtained with a nuclear extraction kit (Panomics, Redwood City, CA).... "
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, Hong-Jeng Yu et al., May 2005; 288: 1005 - 1014.

NF- (kappa)B Mediates the Stimulation of Cytokine and Chemokine Expression by Human Articular Chondrocytes in Response to Fibronectin Fragments
" ...Fn-f for 30 min, and then nuclear fractions were prepared using a nuclear extraction kit (Panomics) following the manufacturer's instructions. " ...
J. Immunol., Judit I. Pulai et al., May 2005; 174: 5781 - 5788.

Concurrent Opposite Effects of Trichostatin A, an Inhibitor of Histone Deacetylases, on Expression of a- MHC and Cardiac Tubulins: Implication for Gainin Cardiac Muscle Contractility
"...extracts from control or TSA-treated myocytes were obtaines with a commercially available nuclear extraction kit (Panomics).."
Am J Physiol Heart Circ. Physiol., F. J. Davis et al., Mar. 2005; v.288: p1477 - 1490

Glutamine Modulates LPS-induced IL-8 Production through IkB / NFkB in human Fetal and Adult Intestinal Epithelium
"...The binding tests for transcriptional factors were performed as described in the kit from Panomics, i.e. 10ml binding reaction mixtures containing 1mg of poly (dI-dC) and 10...."
J. Nutr., K.C. Liboni et al., Feb. 2005; v135: p245-251

Growth Stimulation of COX-2 Negative Pancreatic Cancer by a Selevective COX-2 Inhibitor
"...PaCa-2 tumors treated with the indicated compounds for 4 weeks using a nuclear extraction kit (Panomics, Redwood City, CA)..."
Cancer Res., G. Eibl et al., Feb. 2005; v65: p982 - 990

AVP-induced VIT32 gene expression in collecting duct cells occurs via trans-activation of a CRE in the 5'-flanking region of

Papers citing our Products

SH3, PDZ, WW, SH2 Domain Arrays

Cytokine Antibody Arrays

Angiogenesis Antibody Arrays

Protein/DNA Arrays

Luciferase Reporter Vectors

TF-TF Interaction Arrays

EMSA Kits

Nuclear Extraction Kits